The global energy crisis is currently one of the most pressing issues facing the world. This situation is triggered by a number of factors, including geopolitical conflicts, climate factors, and increasing energy demand post-pandemic. The impact of this crisis on the world economy is far-reaching, affecting important sectors and creating new challenges for global economic policy. One of the biggest impacts of the energy crisis is the spike in energy prices which has affected inflation in various countries. According to data, oil and gas prices have risen rapidly, leading to higher fuel and energy costs for consumers and industry. This has an impact on production costs, which in turn increases the prices of goods and services. Especially countries that are highly dependent on energy imports, such as Europe, feel this impact deeply, leading to a decline in people’s purchasing power. The transportation sector is also one of the main victims of the global energy crisis. The spike in fuel prices forces transport companies to increase rates, which impacts logistics costs. These cost increases have the potential to cause disruptions in global supply chains, hampering the economic recovery that has already begun. In the automotive sector, demand for electric vehicles is increasing as an alternative to reduce dependence on fossil energy. On the other hand, the energy crisis also opens up opportunities for investment in renewable energy. Countries are starting to shift from fossil energy towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. This green initiative not only aims to reduce carbon emissions, but also to improve long-term energy security. However, this transition requires political commitment and significant investment support for research and development. The industrial and manufacturing sectors are also pressured by the energy crisis. To respond to rising energy costs, companies are starting to implement energy efficiency and adopt more environmentally friendly technologies. While this can improve long-term sustainability, this process takes time and can lead to a reduction in employment in the short term. The global energy crisis is also exacerbating economic inequality. Developing countries are usually most vulnerable to energy price fluctuations because they have fewer resources to adapt. As a result, residents in these countries experience greater difficulty meeting basic needs, such as food and housing. This leads to an increase in poverty rates and social inequality. In a global context, international collaboration is crucial to dealing with the energy crisis. Negotiations and agreements between energy producing countries and consuming countries need to be strengthened to create energy market stability. In addition, international organizations such as OPEC and IEA have an important role in maintaining the balance of supply and demand. Reality shows that the ongoing energy crisis has a much deeper impact than just market numbers. This condition creates challenges for the global economy that require adaptation and innovation. Understanding and addressing these impacts will be key to building a more sustainable and stable economic future.

The climate crisis is an increasingly urgent global issue, triggering a variety of responses from countries around the world. Developed and developing countries show differences in their approaches. In Europe, the European Union is committed to reducing carbon emissions by 55% by 2030 and achieving zero emissions by 2050. This is reflected in the Green Deal policy which encourages a clean energy transition and investment in green technology. In the United States, climate policy changes significantly between administrations. In the Obama era, there were efforts to strengthen emissions regulations through the Clean Power Plan. However, this policy was canceled by the Trump administration, which prioritized the fossil industry. Currently, the Biden administration is again emphasizing the importance of climate policy, including joining the Paris Agreement and increasing investment in renewable energy. Meanwhile, countries in Asia face unique challenges. China, as the world’s largest carbon emitter, is committed to reaching peak emissions by 2030 and becoming carbon neutral by 2060. This action involves large investments in solar and wind power, although the country also continues to use coal in its energy production. On the other hand, India, as a developing country, is trying to find a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability. India is committed to achieving 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 and is working to expand clean energy access to all its citizens. However, this country faces major challenges related to dependence on fossil energy. In the African region, various countries are facing more severe impacts of the climate crisis. Countries such as Malawi and Sudan rely on agriculture, which is highly vulnerable to climate change. Efforts to build resilience to climate change have indeed been made, but access to technology and resources remains an obstacle. Global initiatives such as COP26 in Glasgow demonstrate international efforts to address the climate crisis. There, countries discussed emission reduction targets and funding for developing countries to adapt and mitigate the impacts of climate change. The success of this meeting depends on the commitment of countries to take concrete action. Awareness of the climate crisis also encourages civil society movements with intervention from non-governmental organizations in pushing for policy change. In many countries, the climate movement educates people about the importance of sustainability and encourages them to elect leaders who care about the environment. Success in overcoming this crisis will depend heavily on international and local collaboration. The diverse approach of members of society and countries is essential for long-term strategy. Various local initiatives, such as the development of smart cities and the use of environmentally friendly public transport, show examples that change can start from the ground level. Renewable energy, energy efficiency and technological innovation are key components of the global response to the climate crisis. Thus, each country needs to carry out regular evaluations of their climate policies to ensure that the actions taken not only meet emissions targets, but also support sustainable economic growth. Synergistic efforts from all parties will determine how the world faces the challenge of the climate crisis which has long awaited a real solution.